Turkish Journal of Field Crops

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MAIZE GROWTH, YIELD FORMATION AND WATER-NITROGEN USAGE IN RESPONSE TO VARIED IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN SUPPLY UNDER SEMI-ARID CLIMATE

Umair ASHRAF, Mazhar Noor SALIM, Alam SHER, Sabeeh-ur-Rasool SABIR, Aqil KHAN, Shenggang PAN, Xiangru TANG

Abstract

Enhancement of resource use efficiencies and crop productivity in sustainable agriculture are important especially in low-input production systems. This experiment was planned to evaluate the performance of maize under different water and nitrogen levels. Three irrigation treatments i.e., I1= three leaf stage (V1), nine leaf stage (V2), tasseling (T) and milking stage (M); I2 = V1, V2, T, M and dough stage (R1), I3= V1, V2, T, M , R1 and blister stage (R2) were applied with 70 mm application depth with different nitrogen application rates i.e., 0 , 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1 . Results revealed that maximum growth i.e., plant height, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), cob length and diameter as well as yield and yield components i.e., grains rows/cob, grains/row, grains/cob, grain weight/cob, 100-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index, water and nitrogen use efficiencies as well as transpiration and photosynthetic activities were recorded at I3 with 250 kg N ha-1 . However, increased irrigation and nitrogen application rates delayed days to tasseling, silking and maturity. Conclusively, six irrigations (I3) with 250 kg N ha-1 can be adopted as the best input levels to get maximum maize yield under semi-arid regions. In future both these inputs may be used as water and nitrogen based agricultural best management practices (BMPs) in regions with similar type of environmental conditions.

Keyword: Growth, Maize, Resource use efficiency, Photosynthesis, Respiration, Yield ,

Effects of Different Water Stress Levels on Biomass Yield and Agronomic Traits of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) Varieties under Semi-Arid Conditio

Erdal GONULAL, Suleyman SOYLU, Mehmet SAHIN

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted in the Wielkopolska region at the Gorzyń Research Station, Poland (52.34°N, 15.54°E) in Central Europe. The study was conducted over a 3-year period (2017, 2018, 2019) as a two-factorial design with four replications in the RCBD. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the cultivar (‘Bolero’, ‘Tytan’) and the inoculation (Nitragina–seeds inoculation, Nitroflora I–seeds inoculation, Nitroflora II–soil inoculation, HiStick® Lupin–seeds inoculation) on plant development, seeds chemical composition and yielding of narrow-leaved lupin. The weather conditions and experimental factors significantly influenced on productivity of narrow-leaved lupin ‘Tytan’. Drought during the growing season reduced seeds and protein yields. After inoculation of HiStck the seeds yield was significantly greater by 12.4% (p < 0.01) and the protein yield after application of Nitroflora I or HiStick by 13.9% (p < 0.01) and 19.2% (p < 0.01), respectively. Correlation coefficients showed strong relations between number of pods and seeds per plant in both cultivars regardless of the inoculation variant, however the strongest relations in both cultivar were proved on HiStick treatment.
Keyword: Biological nitrogen fixation, chemical composition, legumes, protein efficiency, yielding